Wiśniewska, M., O’Connell-Rodwell, C. E., Kilian, J. W., Garnier, S., & Russell, G. J. (2025). Interplay of physical and social drivers of movement in male African savanna elephants. Behavioral Ecology, 36(1), arae091.
@article{wisniewska2025interplay,
title = {Interplay of physical and social drivers of movement in male African savanna elephants},
author = {Wi{\'s}niewska, Maggie and O’Connell-Rodwell, Caitlin E and Kilian, J Werner and Garnier, Simon and Russell, Gareth J},
journal = {Behavioral Ecology},
volume = {36},
number = {1},
pages = {arae091},
year = {2025},
publisher = {Oxford University Press UK}
}
Despite extensive research into the behavioral ecology of free-ranging animal groups, questions remain about how group members integrate information about their physical and social surroundings. This is because (1) tracking of multiple group members is limited to a few easily manageable species and (2) the tools to simultaneously quantify physical and social influences on an individual’s movement remain challenging, especially across large geographic scales. A relevant example of a widely ranging species with complex social structure and of conservation concern is the African savanna elephant. We evaluate highly synchronized GPS tracks from 5 male elephants in Etosha National Park in Namibia by incorporating their dynamic social landscape into an established resource selection model. The fitted model predicts movement patterns based simultaneously on the physical landscape (e.g. repeated visitation of waterholes) and the social landscape (e.g. avoidance of a dominant male). Combining the fitted models for multiple focal individuals produces landscape-dependent social networks that vary over space (e.g. with distance from a waterhole) and time (e.g. as the seasons change). The networks, especially around waterholes, are consistent with dominance patterns determined from previous behavioral studies. Models that combine physical landscape and social effects, based on remote tracking, can augment traditional methods for determining social structure from intensive behavioral observations. More broadly, these models will be essential to effective, in-situ conservation and management of wide-ranging social species in the face of anthropogenic disruptions to their physical surroundings and social connections.
Saha, T., Genoud, A. P., Williams, G. M., Russell, G. J., & Thomas, B. P. (2024). Monitoring Mosquito Abundance: Comparing an Optical Sensor with a Trapping Method. Insects, 15(8), 584.
@article{saha2024monitoring,
title = {Monitoring Mosquito Abundance: Comparing an Optical Sensor with a Trapping Method},
author = {Saha, Topu and Genoud, Adrien P and Williams, Gregory M and Russell, Gareth J and Thomas, Benjamin P},
journal = {Insects},
volume = {15},
number = {8},
pages = {584},
year = {2024},
publisher = {MDPI}
}
Wiśniewska, M., Puga-Gonzalez, I., Lee, P., Moss, C., Russell, G., Garnier, S., & Sueur, C. (2022). Simulated poaching affects global connectivity and efficiency in social networks of African savanna elephants—An exemplar of how human disturbance impacts group-living species. PLoS Computational Biology, 18(1), e1009792.
@article{wisniewska2022simulated,
title = {Simulated poaching affects global connectivity and efficiency in social networks of African savanna elephants—An exemplar of how human disturbance impacts group-living species},
author = {Wi{\'s}niewska, Maggie and Puga-Gonzalez, Ivan and Lee, Phyllis and Moss, Cynthia and Russell, Gareth and Garnier, Simon and Sueur, C{\'e}dric},
journal = {PLoS computational biology},
volume = {18},
number = {1},
pages = {e1009792},
year = {2022},
publisher = {Public Library of Science San Francisco, CA USA}
}
Mashintonio, A. F., Harris, G. M., Stewart, D. R., Butler, M. J., Sanderson, J., & Russell, G. (2022). Estimating species richness with camera traps: modeling the effects of delay period, deployment length, number of sites, and interference imagery. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 46(4), e1357.
@article{mashintonio2022estimating,
title = {Estimating species richness with camera traps: modeling the effects of delay period, deployment length, number of sites, and interference imagery},
author = {Mashintonio, Andrew F and Harris, Grant M and Stewart, David R and Butler, Matthew J and Sanderson, Jim and Russell, Gareth},
journal = {Wildlife Society Bulletin},
volume = {46},
number = {4},
pages = {e1357},
year = {2022}
}
Liu, S., Shih, F. Y., Russell, G., Russell, K., & Phan, H. (2020). Classification of ecological data by deep learning. International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, 34(13), 2052010.
@article{liu2020classification,
title = {Classification of ecological data by deep learning},
author = {Liu, Shaobo and Shih, Frank Y and Russell, Gareth and Russell, Kimberly and Phan, Hai},
journal = {International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence},
volume = {34},
number = {13},
pages = {2052010},
year = {2020},
publisher = {World Scientific}
}
Russell, K. N., Russell, G. J., Kaplan, K. L., Mian, S., & Kornbluth, S. (2018). Increasing the conservation value of powerline corridors for wild bees through vegetation management: an experimental approach. Biodiversity and Conservation, 27, 2541–2565.
@article{russell2018increasing,
title = {Increasing the conservation value of powerline corridors for wild bees through vegetation management: an experimental approach},
author = {Russell, KN and Russell, GJ and Kaplan, KL and Mian, S and Kornbluth, S},
journal = {Biodiversity and Conservation},
volume = {27},
pages = {2541--2565},
year = {2018},
publisher = {Springer Netherlands}
}
Evangelista, D. A., Russell, G., Russell, K. N., Bourne, G., & Ware, J. L. (2017). Evidence that dispersal barriers influence blaberoid cockroach assemblages in a neotropical savanna–forest matrix. Insect Conservation and Diversity, 10(5), 425–438.
@article{evangelista2017evidence,
title = {Evidence that dispersal barriers influence blaberoid cockroach assemblages in a neotropical savanna--forest matrix},
author = {Evangelista, Dominic A and Russell, Gareth and Russell, Kimberly N and Bourne, Godfrey and Ware, Jessica L},
journal = {Insect Conservation and Diversity},
volume = {10},
number = {5},
pages = {425--438},
year = {2017}
}
Mashintonio, A. F., Pimm, S. L., Harris, G. M., van Aarde, R. J., & Russell, G. J. (2014). Data-driven discovery of the spatial scales of habitat choice by elephants. PeerJ, 2, e504.
@article{mashintonio2014data,
title = {Data-driven discovery of the spatial scales of habitat choice by elephants},
author = {Mashintonio, Andrew F and Pimm, Stuart L and Harris, Grant M and van Aarde, Rudi J and Russell, Gareth J},
journal = {PeerJ},
volume = {2},
pages = {e504},
year = {2014},
publisher = {PeerJ Inc.}
}
Si, X., Pimm, S. L., Russell, G. J., & Ding, P. (2014). Turnover of breeding bird communities on islands in an inundated lake. Journal of Biogeography, 41(12), 2283–2292.
@article{si2014turnover,
title = {Turnover of breeding bird communities on islands in an inundated lake},
author = {Si, Xingfeng and Pimm, Stuart L and Russell, Gareth J and Ding, Ping},
journal = {Journal of Biogeography},
volume = {41},
number = {12},
pages = {2283--2292},
year = {2014},
publisher = {Wiley Online Library}
}
Schnell, J. K., Harris, G. M., Pimm, S. L., & Russell, G. J. (2013). Estimating extinction risk with metapopulation models of large-scale fragmentation. Conservation Biology, 27(3), 520–530.
@article{schnell2013estimating,
title = {Estimating extinction risk with metapopulation models of large-scale fragmentation},
author = {Schnell, Jessica K and Harris, Grant M and Pimm, Stuart L and Russell, Gareth J},
journal = {Conservation Biology},
volume = {27},
number = {3},
pages = {520--530},
year = {2013},
publisher = {Wiley Online Library}
}
Schnell, J. K., Harris, G. M., Pimm, S. L., & Russell, G. J. (2013). Quantitative analysis of forest fragmentation in the Atlantic Forest reveals more threatened bird species than the current Red List. PLoS One, 8(5), e65357.
@article{schnell2013quantitative,
title = {Quantitative analysis of forest fragmentation in the Atlantic Forest reveals more threatened bird species than the current Red List},
author = {Schnell, Jessica K and Harris, Grant M and Pimm, Stuart L and Russell, Gareth J},
journal = {PLoS One},
volume = {8},
number = {5},
pages = {e65357},
year = {2013},
publisher = {Public Library of Science San Francisco, USA}
}
Harris, G., Farley, S., Russell, G. J., Butler, M. J., & Selinger, J. (2013). Sampling designs matching species biology produce accurate and affordable abundance indices. PeerJ, 1, e227.
@article{harris2013sampling,
title = {Sampling designs matching species biology produce accurate and affordable abundance indices},
author = {Harris, Grant and Farley, Sean and Russell, Gareth J and Butler, Matthew J and Selinger, Jeff},
journal = {PeerJ},
volume = {1},
pages = {e227},
year = {2013},
publisher = {PeerJ Inc.}
}
Pimm, S. L., Jenkins, C. N., Joppa, L. N., Roberts, D. L., & Russell, G. J. (2010). How many endangered species remain to be discovered in Brazil. Natureza & Conservação, 8(1), 71–77.
@article{pimm2010many,
title = {How many endangered species remain to be discovered in Brazil},
author = {Pimm, Stuart L and Jenkins, Clinton N and Joppa, Lucas N and Roberts, David L and Russell, Gareth J},
journal = {Natureza \& Conserva{\c{c}}{\~a}o},
volume = {8},
number = {1},
pages = {71--77},
year = {2010},
publisher = {Elsevier BV}
}
Baiser, B., Russell, G. J., & Lockwood, J. L. (2010). Connectance determines invasion success via trophic interactions in model food webs. Oikos, 119(12), 1970–1976.
@article{baiser2010connectance,
title = {Connectance determines invasion success via trophic interactions in model food webs},
author = {Baiser, Benjamin and Russell, Gareth J and Lockwood, Julie L},
journal = {Oikos},
volume = {119},
number = {12},
pages = {1970--1976},
year = {2010},
publisher = {Wiley Online Library}
}
Russell, G. J., & Rosales, A. (2010). Sociability leads to instability: site-switching cascades in a colonial species. Theoretical Ecology, 3, 3–12.
@article{russell2010sociability,
title = {Sociability leads to instability: site-switching cascades in a colonial species},
author = {Russell, Gareth J and Rosales, Abraham},
journal = {Theoretical Ecology},
volume = {3},
pages = {3--12},
year = {2010},
publisher = {Springer Netherlands}
}
Schnell, J., Russell, G., Harris, G., & Pimm, S. (2010). Metapopulation capacity with self-colonization: finding the best patches in fragmented habitats. Nature Precedings, 1–1.
@article{schnell2010metapopulation,
title = {Metapopulation capacity with self-colonization: finding the best patches in fragmented habitats},
author = {Schnell, Jessica and Russell, Gareth and Harris, Grant and Pimm, Stuart},
journal = {Nature Precedings},
pages = {1--1},
year = {2010},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group UK London}
}
Harris, G. M., Russell, G. J., Van Aarde, R. I., & Pimm, S. L. (2008). Rules of habitat use by elephants Loxodonta africana in southern Africa: insights for regional management. Oryx, 42(1), 66–75.
@article{harris2008rules,
title = {Rules of habitat use by elephants Loxodonta africana in southern Africa: insights for regional management},
author = {Harris, Grant M and Russell, Gareth J and Van Aarde, Rudi I and Pimm, Stuart L},
journal = {Oryx},
volume = {42},
number = {1},
pages = {66--75},
year = {2008},
publisher = {Cambridge University Press}
}
Russell, G. J., Diamond, J. M., Reed, T. M., & Pimm, S. L. (2006). Breeding birds on small islands: island biogeography or optimal foraging? Journal of Animal Ecology, 75(2).
@article{russell2006breeding,
title = {Breeding birds on small islands: island biogeography or optimal foraging?},
author = {Russell, Gareth J and Diamond, Jared M and Reed, Timothy M and Pimm, Stuart L},
journal = {Journal of Animal Ecology},
volume = {75},
number = {2},
year = {2006}
}
Adeney, J. M., Ginsberg, J. R., Russell, G. J., & Kinnaird, M. F. (2006). Effects of an ENSO-related fire on birds of a lowland tropical forest in Sumatra. Animal Conservation, 9(3), 292–301.
@article{adeney2006effects,
title = {Effects of an ENSO-related fire on birds of a lowland tropical forest in Sumatra},
author = {Adeney, J Marion and Ginsberg, JR and Russell, GJ and Kinnaird, MF},
journal = {Animal conservation},
volume = {9},
number = {3},
pages = {292--301},
year = {2006},
publisher = {Wiley Online Library}
}
Cassey, P., Blackburn, T. M., Russell, G. J., Jones, K. E., & Lockwood, J. L. (2004). Influences on the transport and establishment of exotic bird species: an analysis of the parrots (Psittaciformes) of the world. Global Change Biology, 10(4), 417–426.
@article{cassey2004influences,
title = {Influences on the transport and establishment of exotic bird species: an analysis of the parrots (Psittaciformes) of the world},
author = {Cassey, Phillip and Blackburn, Tim M and Russell, Gareth J and Jones, Kate E and Lockwood, Julie L},
journal = {Global Change Biology},
volume = {10},
number = {4},
pages = {417--426},
year = {2004},
publisher = {Wiley Online Library}
}
Ferraz, G., Russell, G. J., Stouffer, P. C., Bierregaard Jr, R. O., Pimm, S. L., & Lovejoy, T. E. (2003). Rates of species loss from Amazonian forest fragments. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 100(24), 14069–14073.
@article{ferraz2003rates,
title = {Rates of species loss from Amazonian forest fragments},
author = {Ferraz, Gon{\c{c}}alo and Russell, Gareth J and Stouffer, Philip C and Bierregaard Jr, Richard O and Pimm, Stuart L and Lovejoy, Thomas E},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
volume = {100},
number = {24},
pages = {14069--14073},
year = {2003},
publisher = {National Acad Sciences}
}
Lockwood, J. L., Russell, G. J., Gittleman, J. L., Daehler, C. C., McKinney, M. L., & Purvis, A. (2002). A metric for analyzing taxonomic patterns of extinction risk. Conservation Biology, 16(4), 1137–1142.
@article{lockwood2002metric,
title = {A metric for analyzing taxonomic patterns of extinction risk},
author = {Lockwood, Julie L and Russell, Gareth J and Gittleman, John L and Daehler, Curtis C and McKinney, Michael L and Purvis, Andy},
journal = {Conservation Biology},
volume = {16},
number = {4},
pages = {1137--1142},
year = {2002},
publisher = {Wiley Online Library}
}
Russell, G. J., Bass, O. L., & Pimm, S. L. (2002). The effect of hydrological patterns and breeding-season flooding on the numbers and distribution of wading birds in Everglades National Park. Animal Conservation, 5(3), 185–199.
@article{russell2002effect,
title = {The effect of hydrological patterns and breeding-season flooding on the numbers and distribution of wading birds in Everglades National Park},
author = {Russell, Gareth J and Bass, Oron L and Pimm, Stuart L},
journal = {Animal Conservation},
volume = {5},
number = {3},
pages = {185--199},
year = {2002},
publisher = {Cambridge University Press}
}
Fukami, T., Zimmermann, C. R., Russell, G. J., & Drake, J. A. (1999). Self-organized criticality in ecology and evolution. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 14(8), 321.
@article{fukami1999self,
title = {Self-organized criticality in ecology and evolution},
author = {Fukami, Tadashi and Zimmermann, Craig R and Russell, Gareth J and Drake, James A},
journal = {Trends in Ecology \& Evolution},
volume = {14},
number = {8},
pages = {321},
year = {1999},
publisher = {Elsevier}
}
Russell, G. J., Brooks, T. M., McKinney, M. M., & Anderson, C. G. (1998). Present and future taxonomic selectivity in bird and mammal extinctions. Conservation Biology, 12(6), 1365–1376.
@article{russell1998present,
title = {Present and future taxonomic selectivity in bird and mammal extinctions},
author = {Russell, Gareth J and Brooks, Thomas M and McKinney, Michael M and Anderson, C Gregory},
journal = {Conservation Biology},
volume = {12},
number = {6},
pages = {1365--1376},
year = {1998},
publisher = {Wiley Online Library}
}
Pimm, S. L., Gittleman, J. L., Russell, G. J., & Brooks, T. M. (1996). Response: Extinction Rates. Science, 273(5273), 297–297.
@article{pimm1996response,
title = {Response: Extinction Rates},
author = {Pimm, Stuart L and Gittleman, John L and Russell, Gareth J and Brooks, Thomas M},
journal = {Science},
volume = {273},
number = {5273},
pages = {297--297},
year = {1996},
publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science}
}
Pimm, S. L., Russell, G. J., Gittleman, J. L., & Brooks, T. M. (1995). The future of biodiversity. Science, 269(5222), 347–350.
@article{pimm1995future,
title = {The future of biodiversity},
author = {Pimm, Stuart L and Russell, Gareth J and Gittleman, John L and Brooks, Thomas M},
journal = {Science},
volume = {269},
number = {5222},
pages = {347--350},
year = {1995},
publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science}
}
Smith, W. O., & Russell, G. J. (1995). Phytoplankton biomass and nutrient distributions in the Amazon River plume: environmental correlates. Geo-Marine Letters, 15, 195–198.
@article{smith1995phytoplankton,
title = {Phytoplankton biomass and nutrient distributions in the Amazon River plume: environmental correlates},
author = {Smith, Walker O and Russell, Gareth J},
journal = {Geo-Marine Letters},
volume = {15},
pages = {195--198},
year = {1995},
publisher = {Springer-Verlag}
}
Russell, G. J., Diamond, J. M., Pimm, S. L., & Reed, T. M. (1995). A century of turnover: community dynamics at three timescales. Journal of Animal Ecology, 628–641.
@article{russell1995century,
title = {A century of turnover: community dynamics at three timescales},
author = {Russell, Gareth J and Diamond, Jared M and Pimm, Stuart L and Reed, Timothy M},
journal = {Journal of Animal Ecology},
pages = {628--641},
year = {1995},
publisher = {JSTOR}
}
Curnutt, J., Lockwood, J., Luh, H.-K., Nott, P., & Russell, G. (1994). Hotspots and species diversity. Nature, 367(6461), 326–327.
@article{curnutt1994hotspots,
title = {Hotspots and species diversity},
author = {Curnutt, John and Lockwood, Julie and Luh, Hang-Kwang and Nott, Philip and Russell, Gareth},
journal = {Nature},
volume = {367},
number = {6461},
pages = {326--327},
year = {1994},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group UK London}
}
Pimm, S. L., Diamond, J., Reed, T. M., Russell, G. J., & Verner, J. (1993). Times to extinction for small populations of large birds. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 90(22), 10871–10875.
@article{pimm1993times,
title = {Times to extinction for small populations of large birds.},
author = {Pimm, Stuart L and Diamond, Jared and Reed, Timothy M and Russell, Gareth J and Verner, Jared},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
volume = {90},
number = {22},
pages = {10871--10875},
year = {1993},
publisher = {National Acad Sciences}
}
Book chapters
Russell, G. J. (2001). Turnover dynamics across ecological and geological scales. In Biodiversity dynamics: turnover of populations, taxa, and communities (pp. 377–404). Columbia University Press; .
@inbook{russell2001turnover,
title = {Turnover dynamics across ecological and geological scales},
author = {Russell, Gareth J},
booktitle = {Biodiversity dynamics: turnover of populations, taxa, and communities},
pages = {377--404},
year = {2001},
publisher = {Columbia University Press}
}
Refereed conference proceedings
Lin, X., Holzapfel, C., & Russell, G. J. (2018). Novel community assembly on post-industrial soils: The role of soil heterogeneity and pollution. 2018 ESA Annual Meeting (August 5–10).
@inproceedings{lin2018novel,
title = {Novel community assembly on post-industrial soils: The role of soil heterogeneity and pollution},
author = {Lin, Xiang and Holzapfel, Claus and Russell, Gareth J},
booktitle = {2018 ESA Annual Meeting (August 5--10)},
year = {2018},
organization = {ESA}
}
Wilder, J., Tonde, C., Sundar, G., Huang, N., Barinov, L., Baxi, J., Bibby, J., Rapport, A., Pavoni, E., Tsang, S., & others. (2012). An automatic identification and monitoring system for coral reef fish. Applications of Digital Image Processing XXXV, 8499, 525–539.
@inproceedings{wilder2012automatic,
title = {An automatic identification and monitoring system for coral reef fish},
author = {Wilder, Joseph and Tonde, Chetan and Sundar, Ganesh and Huang, Ning and Barinov, Lev and Baxi, Jigesh and Bibby, James and Rapport, Andrew and Pavoni, Edward and Tsang, Serena and others},
booktitle = {Applications of digital image processing XXXV},
volume = {8499},
pages = {525--539},
year = {2012},
organization = {SPIE}
}
Lubansky, T., Schnell, J. K., Kornbluth, S., Hewitt, D., Mashintonio, A., Kartesz, J., & Russell, G. J. (2010). COS 54-9: The rich get richer with a little help from their (human) friends: Mesoscale influences on exotic plant invasion. The 95th ESA Annual Meeting.
@inproceedings{lubansky2010cos,
title = {COS 54-9: The rich get richer with a little help from their (human) friends: Mesoscale influences on exotic plant invasion},
author = {Lubansky, Tanya and Schnell, Jessica K and Kornbluth, Sarah and Hewitt, Denise and Mashintonio, Andrew and Kartesz, John and Russell, Gareth J},
booktitle = {The 95th ESA Annual Meeting},
year = {2010}
}
Harris, G. M., Farley, S. D., Russell, G. J., Morton, J., & Selinger, J. (2009). COS 113-3: Optimizing sampling timing and location to capture genetic material from brown bears: Expert opinion is good value. The 94th ESA Annual Meeting.
@inproceedings{harris2009cos,
title = {COS 113-3: Optimizing sampling timing and location to capture genetic material from brown bears: Expert opinion is good value},
author = {Harris, Grant M and Farley, Sean D and Russell, Gareth J and Morton, John and Selinger, Jeff},
booktitle = {The 94th ESA Annual Meeting},
year = {2009}
}
Russell, G. J., Watling, J. I., Santos, T., Tellerı́a José Luis, Aliaga, K., & Brotherson, T. (2009). OOS 46-8: Well-connected but empty on the inside: Active dispersal can reduce the species richness of accessible habitat patches. The 94th ESA Annual Meeting.
@inproceedings{russell2009oos,
title = {OOS 46-8: Well-connected but empty on the inside: Active dispersal can reduce the species richness of accessible habitat patches},
author = {Russell, Gareth J and Watling, James I and Santos, Tom{\'a}s and Teller{\'\i}a, Jos{\'e} Luis and Aliaga, Karina and Brotherson, Temipote},
booktitle = {The 94th ESA Annual Meeting},
year = {2009}
}
Holzapfel, C., Parag, H. A., & Russell, G. J. (2009). COS 1-1: Boom and bust in the desert: The failed economy of an invasive grass in the Mojave Desert. The 94th ESA Annual Meeting.
@inproceedings{holzapfel2009cos,
title = {COS 1-1: Boom and bust in the desert: The failed economy of an invasive grass in the Mojave Desert},
author = {Holzapfel, Claus and Parag, Hadas A and Russell, Gareth J},
booktitle = {The 94th ESA Annual Meeting},
year = {2009}
}
Lu, J. W. T., & Russell, G. J. (2005). Modeling the spread of Asian longhorned beetle in New York City. In: Gottschalk, Kurt W., Ed. Proceedings, 16th US Department of Agriculture Interagency Research Forum on Gypsy Moth and Other Invasive Species 2005; 2005 January 18-21; Annapolis, MD. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-337. Newtown Square, PA: US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station: 57-60.
@inproceedings{lu2005modeling,
title = {Modeling the spread of Asian longhorned beetle in New York City},
author = {Lu, Jacqueline WT and Russell, Gareth J},
booktitle = {In: Gottschalk, Kurt W., ed. Proceedings, 16th US Department of Agriculture interagency research forum on gypsy moth and other invasive species 2005; 2005 January 18-21; Annapolis, MD. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-337. Newtown Square, PA: US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station: 57-60.},
year = {2005}
}